S25 - Session O1 - Domestication test: effects of the cultivation area on phytochemical quality of the leaves of two morphotypes of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae) cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire

Authors: Fako Kane *, Koffi Siméon BROU, Yves DJINA, Tia Jean GONNETY

The phytochemical analysis of the leaves of the broadleaf morphotype of Lippia multiflora ( blmLM ) and longleaf morphotype of Lippia multiflora ( llmLM ) cultivated in three localities: Bondoukou (east), Beoumi (center) and Korhogo (north) of Cote d'Ivoire has been carried out. The objective was to domesticate the plant and provide information about its therapeutic and nutritional values and the cultivation area effect. The harvested leaves were dried in the shade, pulverized and analyzed. Phenolic compounds (catechin, tannins, flavanone, quercetin) and caffeine were measured by high performance liquid chromatography method. Minerals were determined using AOAC methods. The results showed that extractsof blmLM leaves of Beoumi are rich in tannins (14.26 mg.L -1 ), caffeine (40 mg.L -1 ) and flavanone (13.33 mg.L -1 ), while those of llmLM leaves of Korhogo are rich in quercetin (01.06 mg.L -1 ) and catechin (59.56 mg.L -1 ). Mineral analysis showed that leaves of both morphotypes are rich in calcium (8231.17-14981.17 mg.kg -1 ), potassium (2740.00-7949.87 mg.kg -1 ), magnesium (3414.33-4731.00 mg.kg -1 ) and sodium (1046.76-1206.33 mg.kg -1 ), and poor in phosphorus (244.71-250.00 mg.Kg -1 ), iron (62.50-200 mg.kg -1 ), manganese (21.17-166.23 mg.kg -1 ), zinc (30.17-51.33 mg.kg -1 ) and copper (16.00-32.17 mg.kg -1 ). Leaves of blmLM of Beoumi are rich in calcium, sodium and iron, while of llmLM of Korhogo are richer in potassium and magnesium. The results show that the phytochemical quality of leaves depends on the plant morphotype and cultivation area. Their richness in phenolic compounds, caffeine and minerals gives them nutritional, medicinal and pharmacological properties. They can then replace green sold teas. Localities of Korhogo and Beoumi which gave the leaves rich in tannins, catechin, quercetin and essential minerals are suitable for the cultivation of Lippia multiflora .