S02 - Session P5 - An overview of Serbian autochthonous genotypes selection in the Prunus genus

Authors: Nebojsa Milosevic *, Ivana Glii263, Sanja Radi269evi263, Sla273ana Mari263, Milena 272or273evi263, Vera Rakonjac, Goran Bara263

Fruit species of the Prunus genus are among the most represented worldwide. According to the harvested area and production volume, plum and sour cherry are beside apple and raspberry, the most valuable species in the Republic of Serbia. Also, peach, apricot and sweet cherry are of high importance. Germplasms of all Prunus species mentioned above in the Republic of Serbia are very heterogeneous. Several genotypes are characterised by high fruit quality and tolerance/resistance to causal agents of the most critical diseases. Therefore, some of them, such as plum ʻCrvena Rankaʼ and sour cherry ʻOblačinskaʼ have a significant impact on commercial production. On the other hand, due to these properties, many autochthonous genotypes have been used in breeding programs as parents in planned hybridization. The selection of genotypes with better characteristics has been carried out over a long time period in the Republic of Serbia. Upon evaluation under the recognition procedure, some of them were named and released as new cultivars. Also, clonal selection of the autochthonous genotypes and well-known landraces is a very useful tool for improving assortment structure. Therefore, selected clones with better characteristics might be used in plant production and further breeding work. Until these days, nine apricot (ʻČačansko Zlatoʼ, ʻČačanska Pljosnataʼ, ʻNS4ʼ, ʻNS6ʼ, ʻNS Rodnaʼ, ʻRu×aʼ, ʻAleksandarʼ, ʻBiljanaʼ and ʻVeraʼ), two peach (ʻLelaʼ and ʻMašaʼ), two sour cherry (ʻPrimaʼ and ʻLenkaʼ) and one sweet cherry (ʻCanetovaʼ) genotypes have been named and released as new cultivars. In addition, one plum, one sweet cherry and two sour cherry genotypes are under the recognition procedure for new cultivars.