S01 - Session P4 - Identification of DNA molecular markers relevant to fruit characteristics using GWAS in apple

Authors: Cheol Choi *, A Reum Han

The primary purpose of apple breeding is to select for high fruit quality preferred by consumers and high commercial value. Genomic selection using molecular marker has the potential to efficiently advance fruit tree breeding systems. Association mapping based on next-generation sequencing technologies has facilitated the identification of novel genetic markers. In this study, markers were developed using genome-wide association analysis of apple germplasm consisting of a core collection. Markers associated with a certain level of acid content were designed in the regions in the vicinity of Ma1 and Ma2 on chromosome 16, which are malate transporter genes. The markers, able to discriminate accessions with about 1% acidity, were confirmed in 300 apple accessions. In addition, markers able to distinguish fruit red color were designed in the genetic region close to MYB10 on chromosome 9, which is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. The high-resolution melting markers based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms located in the associated regions for fruit acidity and color were validated in an F 1 progeny and were found to be effective at a rate greater than 70%. Thus, these markers could be helpful in selecting progeny with fruit acidity and red color to match breeding goals in Malus spp.